A payment card number, primary account number (PAN), or simply a card number, is the card identifier found on payment cards, such as credit cards and debit cards, as well as stored-value cards, gift cards and other similar cards. In some situations the card number is referred to as a bank card number. The card number is primarily a card identifier and does not directly identify the bank account number/s to which the card is/are linked by the issuing entity. The card number prefix identifies the issuer of the card, and the digits that follow are used by the issuing entity to identify the cardholder as a customer and which is then associated by the issuing entity with the customer's designated bank accounts. In the case of stored-value type cards, the association with a particular customer is only made if the prepaid card is reloadable. Card numbers are allocated in accordance with ISO/IEC 7812. The card number is usually prominently embossed on the front of a payment card, and is encoded on the magnetic stripe and chip, but may be imprinted on the back of the card.

Maestro Credit Card
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The payment card number differs from the Business Identifier Code (BIC/ISO 9362, a normalized code—also known as Business Identifier Code, Bank International Code or SWIFT code). It also differs from Universal Payment Identification Code, another identifier for a bank account in the United States.

2Issuer identification number (IIN)

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Structure[edit]

The leading six or eight digits of the card number comprise the issuer identification number (IIN) sometimes referred to as the 'bank identification number (BIN)'. The remaining numbers on the card, except the last digit, are the individual account identification number. The last digit is the Luhn check digit. IINs and PANs have a certain level of internal structure and share a common numbering scheme set by ISO/IEC 7812. Payment card numbers are composed of 8 to 19 digits,^[1] as follows:

a six or eight-digit Issuer Identification Number (IIN),^[a] the first digit of which is the major industry identifier (MII)
a variable length (up to 12 digits) individual account identifier
a single check digit calculated using the Luhn algorithm^[3]

^IIN length has been extended to 8-digits in fifth edition of ISO/IEC 7812 published in 2017^[2] and PAN will continue to remain variable length, ranging from 10 to 19 digits.

Issuer identification number (IIN)[edit]

Partial IIN on a credit card (both printed and embossed)

The first six or eight digits of a card number (including the initial MII digit) are known as the issuer identification number (IIN). These identify the card issuing institution that issued the card to the card holder. The rest of the number is allocated by the card issuer. The card number's length is its number of digits. Many card issuers print the entire IIN and account number on their card.

In the United States, IINs are also used in NCPDP pharmacy claims to identify processors, and are printed on all pharmacy insurance cards. IINs are the primary routing mechanism for real-time claims.

The ISO Register of Issuer Identification Numbers database is managed by the American Bankers Association. ABA is the Registration Authority for this standard and is responsible for allocating IINs to issuers.

Online merchants may use IIN lookups to help validate transactions. For example, if a card's IIN indicates a bank in one country, while the customer's billing address is in another, the transaction may call for extra scrutiny.

Issuing network	IIN ranges	Active	Length	Validation
American Express	34, 37^[4]	Yes	15^[5]	Luhn algorithm
Bankcard^[6]	5610, 560221–560225	No	16
China T-Union	31^[7]^[8]	Yes	19
China UnionPay	62^[9], 81	Yes	16–19^[10]
2014, 2149	No	15	no validation
Diners Club International^[11]	36	Yes	14–19^[10]	Luhn algorithm
Diners Club International^[11]	300–305, 3095, 38–39	Yes	16–19^[10]
Diners Club United States & Canada^[12]	54, 55 (MasterCard co-branded)	Yes	16
Discover Card	6011, 622126 - 622925, 624000 - 626999, 628200 - 628899,^[13] 64, 65	Yes	16–19^[10]
RuPay	60, 6521, 6522	Yes	16
InterPayment	636	Yes	16–19
InstaPayment	637-639	Yes	16
JCB	3528–3589	Yes	16–19^[10]
Laser	6304, 6706, 6771, 6709	No	16–19
Maestro UK	6759, 676770, 676774^[14]	Yes	12–19
Maestro	50, 56–69^[14]	Yes	12–19
Dankort	5019	Yes	16
Dankort	4571 (Visa co-branded)^[15]	Yes	16
MIR	2200–2204	Yes	16
NPS Pridnestrovie	6054740-6054744	Yes	16
Mastercard	2221-2720^[16]	Yes 2017^[17]	16
Mastercard	51–55	Yes	16
Solo	6334, 6767	No	16, 18, 19
Switch	4903, 4905, 4911, 4936, 564182, 633110, 6333, 6759	No	16, 18, 19
Troy	979200–979289	Yes	16
Visa	4 (including related/partner brands: Dankort, Electron, etc.)	Yes	16
UATP	1	Yes	15
Verve	506099–506198, 650002–650027	Yes	16, 19
LankaPay	357111	Yes	16

On November 8, 2004, MasterCard and Diners Club formed an alliance. Diners Club cards issued in Canada and the United States start with 54 or 55 and are treated as MasterCards worldwide. International cards use the 36 prefix and are treated as MasterCards in Canada and the United States, but are treated as Diners Club cards elsewhere. Diners Club International's website makes no reference to old 38 prefix numbers, and they can be presumed reissued under the 55 or 36 IIN prefix. Effective October 16, 2009, Diners Club cards beginning with 30, 36, 38 or 39 have been processed by Discover Card.^[18]

On November 3, 2014, MasterCard announced that they were introducing a new series of BIN ranges that begin with a “2” (222100–272099). The “2” series BINs will be processed the same as the “51–55” series BINs are today. They became active 14 October 2016.

On July 23, 2014 JSC NSPK was established in the Russian Federation. The joint stock company National System of Payment Cards (NSPK) is the operator of the Mir National Payment System. The main initiatives o

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